Vanesco

Description

Vanesco Injection (Vancomycin 500mg)

Manufactured by: National Healthcare Pvt. Ltd. Retail Price in Damak, Koshi Province, Nepal: NPR 584.99

What is Vanesco Injection Used For?

Vanesco Injection contains Vancomycin, a powerful antibiotic used to treat serious bacterial infections, especially those caused by Gram-positive bacteria. It’s often reserved for severe cases or when other antibiotics aren’t effective. It’s used for:

• Septicemia: Blood poisoning due to bacteria.
• Soft Tissue Infections: Infections affecting muscles, fat, and other soft tissues.
• Osteomyelitis: Bone infection.
• Enterocolitis/Colitis: Inflammation of the intestines, including Clostridioides difficile (C. diff)-associated colitis.
• Serious Staphylococcal or other Gram-positive Infections: Such as those resistant to other antibiotics (e.g., MRSA).
• Bacterial Endocarditis: Infection of the heart lining or valves.

How to Use Vanesco Injection

Vanesco is administered intravenously (IV).

Adult Dosing:

• Severe Staphylococcal or other Gram-positive Infections, Endocarditis:
  • 500 mg every 6 hours, infused over at least 60 minutes.
  • OR 1 gram every 12 hours, infused over at least 100 minutes.
• Elderly: Dosage adjustment may be needed based on kidney function.

Child Dosing (Intravenous):

• Severe Staphylococcal or other Gram-positive Infections, Endocarditis:
  • Under 1 month: 15 mg/kg followed by 10 mg/kg IV every 12 hours for neonates in their first week of life, then every 8 hours up to one month. Premature infants may need longer dosing intervals.
  • Over 1 month: 10 mg/kg/day IV divided every 6 hours. Individual doses should not exceed 1 gram.

Renal (Kidney) Dosing:

• Kidney Impairment: Dosage adjustments are crucial and often guided by monitoring vancomycin levels in your blood.
  • Patients on intermittent hemodialysis: A loading dose of 15-25 mg/kg on Day 1, followed by a maintenance dose of 5-10 mg/kg after each dialysis session.
  • Anuric patients (without kidney function) on dialysis: Initially 15 mg/kg, then a maintenance dose of 1.9 mg/kg every 24 hours.
  • Creatinine Clearance (CrCl) < 20 mL/min: Longer dosing intervals are needed; dosage should be determined by monitoring serum vancomycin concentrations.
  • CrCl 20-49 mL/min: Initially 15-20 mg/kg/dose (usually 750-1,500 mg) every 24 hours.
  • CrCl > 50 mL/min: Initially 15-20 mg/kg/dose (usually 750-1,500 mg) every 8-12 hours.

Important Administration Notes (for healthcare professionals):

• IV Preparation:
  • Add 10 mL of Sterile Water for Injection (SWI) to a 500mg vial or 20 mL of SWI to a 1g vial to get a 50 mg/mL solution.
  • Further dilute this solution: 500 mg with at least 100 mL of diluent (Normal Saline or Dextrose 5% in Water), and 1 gram with at least 200 mL of diluent.
  • For continuous infusion, dilute in enough solution to infuse over 24 hours.
• IV Administration:
  • Intermittent infusion (preferred): Administer over at least 60 minutes. The infusion rate should not exceed 10 mg/minute.
  • Continuous infusion: Administer over 24 hours.

Important Considerations & Warnings

Do Not Use If:

• You have a hypersensitivity (allergy) to Vancomycin.
• You have a history of impaired hearing.
• It is NOT to be given by intramuscular (IM) injection.

Special Precautions:

• Use with caution if you have an allergic reaction to teicoplanin (another antibiotic), a history of hearing loss, or inflammatory bowel disease.
• Use with caution in patients with kidney impairment and in the elderly.
• Pregnancy and Lactation: Not recommended during pregnancy or breastfeeding, as the drug can enter breast milk.
• Monitoring: Your doctor will regularly monitor your auditory function (hearing) and vancomycin concentrations in your blood. Regular urinalysis and kidney function tests are also needed. For prolonged therapy, your leukocyte (white blood cell) count will be monitored.

Drug Interactions:

• General anesthetics may enhance vancomycin’s side effects.
• Increased risk of ototoxicity (hearing damage) and nephrotoxicity (kidney damage) when used with other medications like aminoglycosides, polymyxins, ciclosporin, cisplatin, and loop diuretics.
• Increased potential for neuromuscular blockade (muscle weakness/paralysis) when used with certain muscle relaxants like suxamethonium or vecuronium.

Possible Side Effects

Side effects of Vancomycin can range from common to potentially fatal:

Common (>10%):

• Red Neck or Red Man Syndrome: An erythematous (red) rash on the face and upper body, often accompanied by hypotension (low blood pressure) and flushing. This is usually related to too rapid an infusion rate.

Less Common (1-10%):

• Chills, drug fever, eosinophilia (increased white blood cell count), rash.
• Reversible neutropenia (low white blood cell count).
• Phlebitis (inflammation of a vein at the injection site).

Rare (<1%):

• Nephrotoxicity (kidney damage).
• Ototoxicity (hearing damage, especially with large doses).
• Stevens-Johnson syndrome (a severe, life-threatening skin reaction).
• Thrombocytopenia (low platelet count).
• Vasculitis (inflammation of blood vessels).

Potentially Fatal:

• Stevens-Johnson syndrome and toxic epidermal necrolysis (very severe skin reactions).
• Blood dyscrasias such as neutropenia or thrombocytopenia.

How Vanesco Works (Mechanism of Action)

Vancomycin works by binding tightly to the D-alanyl-D-alanine portion of the bacterial cell wall precursor. This binding blocks the process of glycopeptide polymerization, which immediately inhibits the bacteria’s ability to build its cell wall. This action not only prevents cell wall synthesis but also causes secondary damage to the bacterial cytoplasmic membrane, leading to the death of the bacterial cell.

Disclaimer: This information about Vanesco Injection is for geneal knowledge and informational purposes only. It is not intended for diagnosis, medical advice, or treatment, nor is it a substitute for the exercise of professional judgment by a qualified healthcare professional. Always consult with your doctor or pharmacist for any health concerns or before taking any medication.