TRIAXONE

Description

TRIAXONE Injection (Ceftriaxone)

TRIAXONE Injection contains Ceftriaxone 1gm and is manufactured by Aurobindo Pharma. It’s available in Nepal with a retail price of ₨ 90.00 NPR. A 2gm injection is also available.

Uses (Indications)

TRIAXONE Injection is a potent antibiotic used to treat a wide range of serious bacterial infections, including:

• Severe Infections: Pneumonia, Meningitis, Septicemia (blood infection), and Typhoid fever.
• Other Infections: Acute otitis media (ear infections), Lyme disease, Pelvic inflammatory disease, Skin and soft-tissue infections, Gonorrhea, Respiratory tract infections, Urinary tract infections, Bone and joint infections, and Chlamydia infection.
• It’s also used for Surgical Prophylaxis (to prevent infections during surgery).

Dosage Information

• Adults:
  • General Susceptible Infections: 1-2 g per day, given intravenously (IV) or intramuscularly (IM). For very severe infections, the dose can be increased up to 4 g per day.
  • Complicated Intra-abdominal Infections (mild-to-moderate, community-acquired): 1-2 g IV daily (as a single dose or divided every 12 hours) for 4-7 days, typically with metronidazole.
  • Meningitis: 2 g IV every 12 hours for 7-14 days.
  • Acute Uncomplicated Pyelonephritis (Kidney Infection): 1-2 g IV once daily.
  • Typhoid Fever: 2 g IV once daily for 14 days.
  • Surgical Prophylaxis: 1 g IV administered 0.5-2 hours before the surgical procedure.
  • Uncomplicated Gonococcal Infections (pharynx, cervix, urethra, or rectum): A single 250 mg IM dose of ceftriaxone plus 1 g oral azithromycin (preferred), or alternatively, doxycycline 100 mg orally every 12 hours for 7 days.
  • Pelvic Inflammatory Disease: A single 250 mg IM dose, given with doxycycline, and sometimes with metronidazole, for 14 days.
• Children:
  • General IV/IM Dosing: 50–75 mg/kg/day, with a maximum dose of 2 g per day, given once every 24 hours.
  • Acute Otitis Media (AOM): 50 mg/kg IM (maximum 1 g), for 1–3 doses, given once every 24 hours.
  • Meningitis: 100 mg/kg/day (maximum 4 g per day), given every 12 hours.
• Renal Impairment: Dose adjustments are necessary. If creatinine clearance (CrCl) is less than 10 ml/min, the maximum daily dose is 2 g.

Administration

• Intravenous (IV) Administration: Infuse slowly over 30 minutes.
• Intramuscular (IM) Administration: Inject deep into a large muscle mass.

Important Warnings & Precautions

• Contraindications: Do not use if you are hypersensitive to cephalosporins (a class of antibiotics). Also, it’s contraindicated in hyperbilirubinemic neonates (newborns with high bilirubin levels).
• Critical Warning: Do NOT use calcium or calcium-containing solutions or products (including IV fluids) with or within 48 hours of ceftriaxone administration. This can lead to the formation of fatal calcium-ceftriaxone precipitates in the lungs and kidneys.
• Precautions: Use with caution if you have a history of penicillin allergy, severe renal impairment, are pregnant or breastfeeding (the drug enters breast milk in low concentrations, so use with caution), or develop a superinfection.
• Drug Interactions:
  • May increase the nephrotoxicity (kidney toxicity) of aminoglycosides.
  • May reduce the therapeutic effect of BCG vaccine and typhoid vaccine.
  • May increase the anticoagulant effect of vitamin K antagonists (e.g., warfarin), potentially leading to increased bleeding risk.
  • Probenecid may increase the serum levels of ceftriaxone.
• Side Effects:
  • Common (>10%): Induration (hardening) at the IM injection site (5-17%).
  • Less Common (1-10%): Eosinophilia (high eosinophil count), thrombocytosis (high platelet count), diarrhea, elevated liver enzymes, leukopenia (low white blood cell count), rash, increased BUN, induration at IV site, and pain.
  • Rare (<1%): Agranulocytosis, anaphylaxis (severe allergic reaction), anemia, gallstones, jaundice, renal stones, and pseudomembranous colitis (a severe colon inflammation, potentially fatal).

How it Works (Mechanism of Action)

Ceftriaxone kills bacteria by interfering with their cell wall synthesis. It binds to specific proteins called penicillin-binding proteins (PBPs) inside the bacterial cell wall. This action prevents the bacteria from completing the final steps of building their protective cell wall, leading to bacterial cell death.

Disclaimer: This information about TRIAXONE Injection isforgeneral reference only and is not intended as medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. It should not replace the advice of a qualified healthcare professional. Always consult your doctor or pharmacist for any health concerns or before making decisions about your medication.