Ocid 40

Description

Ocid 40 Injection, containing Omeprazole, is a medication used to treat various conditions caused by excessive stomach acid. As a Proton Pump Inhibitor (PPI), it effectively reduces the amount of acid your stomach produces. Ocid 40 is manufactured by Zydus Pharmaceuticals and is available in Nepal.

What Ocid 40 Injection Treats

Ocid 40 is prescribed for a range of acid-related problems in your digestive system, particularly when oral administration is not feasible or when rapid acid suppression is needed. These conditions include:

• Peptic Ulcers: This covers ulcers found in the small intestine (duodenal ulcer) and the stomach (gastric ulcer).
• H. pylori Infection: It’s used as part of a combination therapy to eliminate Helicobacter pylori, a common bacteria that can lead to ulcers.
• Gastro-oesophageal Reflux Disease (GERD): Often called acid reflux, this condition causes symptoms like heartburn and regurgitation.
• Zollinger-Ellison Syndrome: A rare condition where the stomach produces abnormally high levels of acid.
• Oesophagitis: Inflammation of the esophagus, frequently caused by acid reflux, including more severe forms like erosive oesophagitis.
• Acid-related Dyspepsia: General discomfort, pain, or indigestion in your upper abdomen due to stomach acid.
• NSAID-associated Ulceration: Ulcers that develop as a side effect of taking non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs).
• Prophylaxis of Acid Aspiration: It’s used before general anesthesia to prevent stomach acid from entering the lungs.

Dosage Guidelines

Ocid 40 can be administered intravenously (into a vein) in clinical settings, and oral dosing information for other Omeprazole formulations is also provided for completeness, though the product specifically refers to an injection.

Intravenous (IV) Dosing for Adults (Ocid 40 Injection):

• Gastro-oesophageal Reflux Disease; Gastric and Duodenal Ulcers; NSAID-associated Ulceration: 40 mg once daily, typically infused over 20-30 minutes or given as a slow injection over 5 minutes. This method is used until oral medication can be resumed.
• Zollinger-Ellison Syndrome: Initial dose is 60 mg daily, adjusted based on your body’s response. If the total daily dose is greater than 60 mg, it should be given in two divided doses.

Oral Dosing for Adults (from other Omeprazole formulations, for context):

• Peptic Ulcer: 20 or 40 mg/day (severe cases) for 4 wk (duodenal) or 8 wk (gastric). Maintenance: 10-20 mg/day. All doses once in the morning.
• NSAID-associated Ulceration: 20 mg once in the morning.
• Gastro-oesophageal Reflux Disease: 20 mg/day for 4 wk, may continue for another 4-8 wk if needed. Refractory oesophagitis: 40 mg/day. Maintenance: 20 mg/day (after healing of oesophagitis); 10 mg/day (acid reflux). All doses once in the morning.
• Zollinger-Ellison Syndrome: Initially, 60 mg once in the morning, adjust as required. Dose Range: 20-120 mg/day. Doses >80 mg are administered in 2 divided doses.
• Prophylaxis of Acid Aspiration during general anaesthesia: 40 mg given in the evening and another 40 mg 2-6 hr pre-op.
• Acid-related Dyspepsia: 10 or 20 mg once in the morning for 2-4 wk.
• Erosive Oesophagitis: 20 mg/day for 4-8 wk. Maintenance of healing: 20 mg/day for up to 12 mth. All doses once in the morning.
• H. pylori Infection (As part of combination therapy):
  • Triple therapy (7 or 10 days): 20 mg twice daily (bid) or 40 mg once daily, combined with specific antibiotics (e.g., amoxicillin, metronidazole, clarithromycin).
  • 2-week dual therapy: 20 mg bid or 40 mg/day, combined with specific antibiotics (e.g., amoxicillin, clarithromycin).

Dosing for Children (Oral – from other Omeprazole formulations, for context):

• GERD:
  • <1 year: Safety and efficacy not established.

  • 1 year: 5-10 kg: 5 mg PO qDay; 10-20 kg: 10 mg PO qDay; >20 kg: 20 mg PO qDay.

• Erosive Esophagitis:
  • <1 month: Safety and efficacy not established.
  • 1 month to <1 year: 3 to <5 kg: 2.5 mg qDay; 5 to <10 kg: 5 mg qDay; >10 kg: 10 mg qDay. May treat for up to 6 weeks.
  • 1-16 years: 5 to <10 kg: 5 mg PO qDay; 10 to <20 kg: 10 mg PO qDay; >20 kg: 20 mg PO qDay. May treat for 4-8 weeks.

Dosing Adjustments for Special Conditions:

• Elderly: No dosage adjustment is typically needed.
• Hepatic Impairment (liver problems): A lower dose of 10-20 mg daily is usually recommended.
• Renal Impairment (kidney problems): No dosage adjustment is typically needed.

How Ocid 40 is Administered

Ocid 40 is specifically an injection, meaning it is given intravenously (into a vein) by a healthcare professional.

(The information provided in the “Administration” section of the original text seems to describe oral formulations like capsules and tablets, which are not directly applicable to “Ocid 40 Injection.” The relevant administration details for the injection are included under the “Intravenous Dosing” section.)

Important Warnings and Precautions

• Do not use Ocid 40 if you have a known hypersensitivity (severe allergic reaction) to omeprazole or any of its ingredients.
• Your doctor should rule out serious conditions like stomach cancer (gastric malignancy) before you start treatment, as some symptoms can be similar.
• Pregnancy and Lactation: Omeprazole passes into breast milk. Use caution if you are pregnant, planning to become pregnant, or breastfeeding. Always consult your doctor.
• Children: Safety and effectiveness are not established for children under 1 year for GERD, and under 1 month for erosive oesophagitis.
• Monitoring: Your doctor might monitor your magnesium levels before starting and periodically during treatment, especially with long-term use or if you are taking diuretics.

Potential Drug Interactions

Ocid 40 can interact with other medications, potentially affecting their efficacy or increasing side effects. It’s crucial to inform your doctor about all medications you’re taking, including over-the-counter drugs, supplements, and herbal remedies.

Key interactions include:

• Diuretics: Increased risk of low magnesium levels (hypomagnesaemia).
• Warfarin: May increase the effect of this blood thinner, potentially raising bleeding risk. Your doctor might need to monitor your INR and prothrombin time.
• Digoxin: Increased risk of digoxin-induced heart effects.
• Certain Benzodiazepines (e.g., diazepam), Clarithromycin, Methotrexate: May increase their levels in your blood.
• Itraconazole, Ketoconazole, Posaconazole, Dasatinib, Iron Salts: Ocid 40 can decrease the absorption of these medications.
• Diazepam, Cilostazol, Phenytoin, Ciclosporin: Ocid 40 may slow down their elimination from your body.
• Clopidogrel: May reduce its antiplatelet (blood-thinning) effect.
• Potentially Fatal Interactions: Ocid 40 may significantly decrease the blood levels and effectiveness of certain HIV medications (e.g., rilpivirine, nelfinavir, atazanavir).

Possible Side Effects

While generally well-tolerated, Omeprazole can cause side effects. Common ones (occurring in 1-10% of users) include:

• Headache
• Abdominal pain
• Diarrhea
• Nausea
• Vomiting
• Flatulence (gas)
• Dizziness
• Upper respiratory infection
• Acid regurgitation
• Constipation
• Rash
• Cough

Less common but serious side effects (frequency not defined) can include:

• Bone fractures (especially with long-term use), including hip fractures
• Liver damage (hepatotoxicity – rare)
• Severe decrease in white blood cells (agranulocytosis)
• Loss of appetite (anorexia)
• Gastric polyps
• Hair loss (alopecia)
• Inflammation of the stomach lining (atrophic gastritis)
• Kidney inflammation (interstitial nephritis – rare)
• Pancreatitis (inflammation of the pancreas – rare)
• Muscle breakdown (rhabdomyolysis)
• Taste disturbances (taste perversion)
• Abnormal dreams
• Severe skin reactions (toxic epidermal necrolysis – rare)

Potentially Fatal Side Effect:

• Anaphylaxis: A severe, life-threatening allergic reaction. Seek immediate medical attention if you experience symptoms like sudden swelling, difficulty breathing, or severe rash.

Important Note: This information about Ocid 40 Injection is for general knowledge only and should not replace professional medical advice. Always consult a qualified healthcare professional for any health concerns, diagnosis, or treatment decisions.