Dapsone 100

Description

Dapsone 100 Tablet (Dapsone)

Indications:

• Leprosy (in combination therapy)
• Dermatitis Herpetiformis
• Acne (often in severe, inflammatory cases, off-label or secondary use)
• Pneumonia (specifically for Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia (PJP) in certain patient populations, often as prophylaxis or treatment in combination, not general pneumonia)

Dosage and Administration:

• Adults:
  • Dermatitis Herpetiformis: Initially 50 mg orally once daily, titrated up to 300 mg once daily or higher to achieve the desired therapeutic effect. Reduce to the minimum effective dose within the range of 50-300 mg once daily as soon as possible.
  • Leprosy (in combination with other anti-leprosy drugs): 100 mg orally once daily.
    • Tuberculoid or Lepromatous Disease: 100 mg orally once daily with rifampin 600 mg orally once daily.
• Children:
  • General Dosing: 2 mg/kg orally every 24 hours (maximum 100 mg).
  • Once Weekly Dosing: 4 mg/kg orally once weekly (maximum 200 mg).
• Renal Impairment: No specific dose adjustment information provided in the original text, but caution and monitoring are generally advised.

Method of Administration: Administer orally.

Contraindications:

• Hypersensitivity to dapsone or any component of the formulation.
• Severe anemia.
• Porphyria.

Precautions:

• Use with caution in patients with glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) deficiency, methemoglobinemia, or hemoglobin M.
• Perform regular blood counts and monitor liver function regularly during treatment.
• Pregnancy and Lactation: Use with caution.
  • Lactation: Dapsone enters breast milk; use is not generally recommended, although the American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP) Committee states it is “compatible with nursing.”

Interactions:

• Decreased serum concentration of dapsone: When used with rifampicin.
• Increased plasma concentration of dapsone: With probenecid, trimethoprim.
• May antagonize the effects of clofazimine.

Adverse Effects:

• Common (1-10%): Hemolysis, methemoglobinemia.
• Less Common (<1%): Reactional states (abrupt changes in clinical activity during leprosy treatment, classified as reversal or erythema nodosum leprosum reactions), insomnia, headache, exfoliative dermatitis, photosensitivity, nausea, vomiting, anemia, leukopenia, agranulocytosis, hepatitis, cholestatic jaundice, peripheral neuropathy (usually in non-leprosy patients), blurred vision, tinnitus, systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE)-like syndrome.
• Potentially Fatal: Agranulocytosis, serious cutaneous hypersensitivity reactions, exfoliative dermatitis.

Mechanism of Action: Dapsone inhibits folic acid synthesis in bacteria by preventing the normal bacterial utilization of para-aminobenzoic acid (PABA).

Notes: Dapsone 100 mg Tablet is manufactured by Glaxo SmithKline Pharmaceuticals Ltd. Its generic name is Dapsone. Dapsone 100 is available in Nepal.

Disclaimer: This information is not intended for diagnosis, medical advice, or treatment and should not be considered a substitute for the exercise of professional judgment by a qualified healthcare provider.